What can I do to help maintain my weight and build strength?

Along with taking any medicines your doctor prescribes, there are many things you can do to help your body stay strong. Good, balanced nutrition and proper hydration are very important:

• Eat a balanced diet, and be sure to include protein to protect lean body mass. Beef, pork, poultry, tofu and soy nuts are excellent sources of protein. So are dairy products – try some Greek yogurt, which is higher in protein than regular yogurt.

• Increase the number of calories you eat. Choose nutritious foods that you enjoy. If appetite is a problem, try eating smaller, more frequent meals; make milkshakes, smoothies, and purees, which may be easier to digest; and add milk or protein powder to your foods.

• Drink plenty of liquids throughout the day. Water is best, but you can also get fluids from soups, popsicles, sports drinks, and even Pedialyte.

Physical exercise also plays a key role in building new muscle and decreasing fatigue. It has also been shown to improve mood, outlook, and self-image:

• Start off slowly. If you are very weak or tired, start with 3 or 4 minutes of walking at a time and build up from there. You can also try some upper body exercises while sitting in a chair – moving your arms up and down and front to back can help maintain flexibility. Making a fist and lifting your arms up and down in front of you can increase strength.

• Pay attention to your breathing. Rounded shoulders restrict chest movement, but good posture helps your breathing and reduces fatigue. Focus on maximizing your breath during activities: for example, when climbing stairs, breathe out with each step so you won’t be as tired when you reach the top.

• Keep a diary. Note the type of exercises or other physical activities you do and how they affect your mood and energy level. Seeing the positive benefits may encourage you to keep moving.

Nutritionists and physical or occupational therapists can advise you on other ways to maintain your weight and build strength as you cope with cancer. Ask your oncologist for a referral if these professionals are not already part of your health care team.